Given the great development of renewable energy and its intermittent essence, it is necessary to guarantee a stable and quality supply, for which it is essential to install efficient energy storage systems that compensate for the intermittency of solar, wind and other renewable production.
The use of batteries is growing exponentially for the creation of isolated grids or connected with intermittent renewables, as well as to provide quality and lower supply prices to the grids.
FLOW BATTERIES
SAFE
EFFICIENT
ECO
FRIENDLY
The electrolyte is aqueous
and inherently safe and
non-flammable, so the battery
does not ignite or explode.
It also does not emit gases
or residues.
Automatic operation and
minimal maintenance.
All operating components
(tanks, electrolyte, pumps,
electrode stack, etc.) are
recyclable and reusable.
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Unlimited power sizes with the same power unit byadding more capacity electrolyte storage tanks
Vanadium Oxide Flow Batteries have the best economic performance and lowest LCOE among commercial Flow Redox batteries
Virtually indefinite battery life, 25-year warranty
Tolerates an indefinite number of cycles from 0 to 100% charge or discharge without damage or degradation
Can be left fully discharged or charged for long periods without ill effects
If the electrolytes are accidentally mixed, the battery is not permanently damaged
A single state of charge between the two electrolytes avoids capacity degradation due to a single cell in batteries without flow
No need to charge in multiple stages
Unlimited shelf life (Lead and lithium 5-10 years max.)
TECHNICAL PARAMETERS OF
THE AM-VFB-5kW / 30kWh BATTERY
| Rated voltage | 48 VDC |
| Rated power | 5 kM |
| Nominal energy | 30 kMh |
| Nominal energy efficiency | 78% |
| Stacked weight |
130 kg
|
| Battery weight |
2,5 t
|
| Electrolyte weight | 2,2 t |
| Electrolyte | 1.5 M V (IV/III) |
| Charge limit voltage | 60 VDC |
| Lifecycles | more than 20000 cycles |
| Nominal intensity | 105 A |
| Nominal time | 6 h |
| Rated capacity | 630 Ah |
| Maximum power | 20 kW |
| Stacked size | 63 cm x
75 cm x 35 cm |
| Battery size | 2.0 m x
1.2 m x 2.0 m |
| Electrolyte volume | 1.6 ㎡ |
| Work temperature | -30cº to +60ºC |
| Discharge limit voltage | 40 VDC |
| Shelf life | limited |
PRINCIPLE OF
VANADIUM FLOW BATTERIES
Vanadium flow batteries perform the conversion between
electrochemical energy and electrical energy through the
electrochemical reaction of vanadium electrolytes of different
valences + 2, + 3, + 4, + 5 that circulate in contact with the
electrodes.
The electrochemical reaction, the standard electrode potential,
and the standard electromotive force are as follows:
· Negative: V2+ – e = V3+ E0 = -0.25V （1）
· Positive: VO ++2H++e = VO2++H2O E0 = 1.00V （2）
· Reaction: V2++VO2++2H+ = V3++VO2++H2O E0 = 1.25V （3）
PERFORMANCE
A vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) has two separate
tanks, one containing a positive and one negative electrolyte.
Both electrolytes consist of the element vanadium dissolved
in sulfuric acid, and vanadium occurs in different oxidation
states (valences).
The battery also has several cells. Each of these cells is
divided into two chambers separated by a membrane,
through which the ions pass. In one chamber there is
a positive electrode and in another a negative one.
The two electrolytes are pumped to either side of the
membrane.
Current from the solar panels is fed to the cell electrodes,
where it moves electrons from positive to negative
electrolyte, charging the battery as liquid flows back into
the tank. During the download, this process is reversed.
